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Countermeasure in public international law refers to reprisals not involving the use of force. In other words, it refers to non-violent acts which are illegal in themselves, but become legal when executed by one state in response to the commission of an earlier illegal act by another state towards the former. ==Definition== The leading case on countermeasure is the International Court of Justice decision in Gabčíkovo – Nagymaros Dams case. The court remarked that, for a countermeasure to be justifiable, it must meet the conditions below: # The act constituting countermeasure must be taken in response to a previous intentional wrongful act of another state and must be directed against that state. # The injured state must have already called upon the state committing the wrongful act to discontinue its wrongful conduct or to make reparation, but the request was refused. # The countermeasure must be commensurate with the injury suffered, taking into account the rights in question. # The purpose behind evoking the countermeasure is to induce the wrongdoing state to comply with its obligations under international law. Therefore, the measure must be reversible. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Countermeasure (law)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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